[1] Eueopean Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction[EB/OL].[2019-11-10]. https://www.emcdda.europa.eu/publications/topic-overviews/eu-early-warning-system_en
[2] NIE H, LI X, HUA Z, et al. Rapid screening and determination of 11 new psychoactive substances by direct analysis in real time mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry[J].Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom, 2016, 30(S1):141
[3] DINES AM, WOOD DM, CHRISTOPHER Y, et al. Acute recreational drug and new psychoactive substance toxicity in Europe:12 months data collection from the European drug emergencies network (Euro-DEN)[J].Clin Toxicol, 2015, 53(9):893
[4] PETERS FT, SCHAEFER S, STAACK RF, et al. Screening for and validated quantification of amphetamines and of amphetamine-and piperazine-derived designer drugs in human blood plasma by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry[J].J Mass Spectrom, 2003, 38(6):659
[5] GIBBONS S. ‘Legal highs’—novel and emerging psychoactive drugs:a chemical overview for the toxicologist[J].Clin Toxicol, 2012, 50(1):15
[6] ROJEK S, KŁYS M, MACIÓW-GŁAB M, et al. Cathinones derivatives-related deaths as exemplified by two fatal cases involving methcathinone with 4-methylmethcathinone and 4-methylethcathinone[J].Drug Test Anal, 2014, 6(7-8):770
[7] FATTORE L, FRATTA W. Beyond THC:the new generation of cannabinoid designer drugs[J].Front Behav Neurosci, 2011, 5:60
[8] CROWTHER JR. Immunochemical techniques[J].Methods Mol Biol, 1983, 51:543
[9] 万红楠. 免疫分析法在毒品检验鉴定中的应用及发展[J].辽宁警察学院学报, 2018, 20(2):65
WAN HN. Application and development of immunoassay in drug testing and identification[J].J Liaoning Police Coll, 2018, 20(2):65
[10] 常靖, 王芳琳, 张泽楠. 法医毒物检验中毒物的快速筛查与检测研究进展[J].中国法医学杂志, 2015, 30(1):49
CHANG J, WANG FL, ZHANG ZN. The development of quick scan and detection for toxic in forensic toxicology[J].Chin J Forensic Med, 2015, 30(1):49
[11] 魏春生, 高小平. 毒品胶体金免疫层析检测板在缉毒侦查中的应用[J].中国药物依赖性杂志, 2011, 20(3):235
WEI CS, GAO XP. Application of drug colloidal gold immunochromatographic detection board in anti-drug investigation[J].Chin J Drug Depend, 2011, 20(3):235
[12] WANG G, HUYNH K, BARHATE R, et al. Development of a homogeneous immunoassay for the detection of fentanyl in urine[J].Forensic Sci Int, 2011, 206(1):127
[13] WANG BT, COLBY JM, WU AH, et al. Cross-reactivity of acetylfentanyl and risperidone with a fentanyl immunoassay[J].J Anal Toxicol, 2014, 38(9):672
[14] MOHR ALA, OFSA B, KEIL AM, et al. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the detection of use of the synthetic cannabinoid agonists UR-144 and XLR-11 in human urine[J].J Anal Toxicol, 2014, 38(7):427
[15] SPINELLI E, BARNES AJ, YOUNG S, et al. Performance characteristics of an ELISA screening assay for urinary synthetic cannabinoids[J].Drug Test Anal, 2015, 7(6):467
[16] SKRZIPCZYK HJ, VERDIER P. Bioanalytical Assays—RIA/EIA[M].Berlin:Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006:79
[17] 彭亦如,林昌铨. 免疫分析法在毒品检测中的应用[J].海峡科学, 2003(3):39
PENG YR, LIN CQ. The application of immunoassay in drug detection[J].Straits Sci, 2003(3):39
[18] HO CS, TAM H, TSANG KYC, et al. Urine comprehensive drug screen, low birth weight and withdrawal symptoms in a neonatal unit:a case control study[J].Curr Clin Pharmacol, 2016, 11(4):274
[19] CHEN J, LIU J, CHEN X, et al. Recent progress in nanomaterial-enhanced fluorescence polarization/anisotropy sensors[J].Chin Chem Lett, 2019, 30(9):1575
[20] YE BC, ZHANG M, YIN BC. Nanomaterial-Enhanced Fluorescence Polarization and Its Application[M].Berlin:Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012
[21] CASTANETO MS, DESROSIERS NA, KAYLA E, et al. Method validation of the biochip array technology for synthetic cannabinoids detection in urine[J].Bioanalysis, 2014, 6(21):2919
[22] CASTANETO MS, BARNES AJ, CONCHEIRO M, et al. Biochip array technology immunoassay performance and quantitative confirmation of designer piperazines for urine workplace drug testing[J].Anal Bioanal Chem, 2015, 407(16):4639
[23] SHEA JJ. Handbook of Instrumental Techniques for Analytical Chemistry[M].United States: Institute of and Electronics Engineers Inc, 1998
[24] JONES LE, STEWART A, PETERS KL, et al. Infrared and Raman screening of seized novel psychoactive substances:a large scale study of >200 samples[J].Analyst, 2016, 141(3):902
[25] BUMBRAH GS, SHARMA RM. Raman spectroscopy—basic principle, instrumentation and selected applications for the characterization of drugs of abuse[J].Egypt J Forensic Sci, 2016, 6(3):209
[26] HARGREAVES MD, PAGE K, MUNSHI T, et al. Analysis of seized drugs using portable raman spectroscopy in an airport environment-a proof of principle study[J].J Raman Spectroscopy, 2010, 39(7):873
[27] LIN J, SHAO L, QIU S, et al. Application of a near-infrared laser tweezers Raman spectroscopy system for label-free analysis and differentiation of diabetic red blood cells[J].Biomed Opt Express, 2018, 9(3):984
[28] PUPPELS GJ, COLIER W, OLMINKHOF JHF, et al. Description and performance of a highly sensitive confocal Raman spectrometer[J].J Raman Spectrosc, 2017, 22(4):217
[29] 王明栋, 王宗廷, 王凤英. 表面增强拉曼光谱技术研究进展[J].化学分析计量, 2016, 25(1):104
WANG MD, WANG ZT, WANG FY. Research progress of surface enhanced raman spectroscopy[J].Chem Anal Meter, 2016, 25(1):104
[30] 赵璟悠, 王勇, 张冠男. 拉曼光谱技术在毒品检测应用中的研究进展[J].中国刑警学院学报, 2018, 143(3):117
ZHAO JY, WANG Y, ZHANG GN. Research progress of Raman spectroscopy in drug detection applications[J].J Natl Police Univ China, 2018, 143(3):117
[31] CORREIA RM, DOMINGOS E, TOSATO F, et al. Portable near infrared spectroscopy applied to abuse drugs and medicine analyses[J].Anal Methods, 2018, 10(6):593
[32] ELIE L, ELIE M, CAVE G, et al. Microcrystalline testing used in combination with Raman micro-spectroscopy for absolute identification of novel psychoactive substances:microcrystalline testing used in combination with Raman micro-spectroscopy[J].J Raman Spectrosc, 2016, 47(11):1343
[33] MOSTOWTT T, MCCORD B. Surface enhanced raman spectroscopy(SERS) as a method for the toxicological analysis of synthetic cannabinoids[J].Talanta, 2016, 164:396
[34] GUIRGUIS A, GIROTTO S, BERTI B, et al. Identification of new psychoactive substances (NPS) using handheld Raman spectroscopy employing both 785 and 1064nm laser sources[J].Forensic Sci Int, 2017, 273:113
[35] OMAR J, SLOWIKOWSKI B, GUILLOU C, et al. Identification of new psychoactive substances(NPS) by Raman spectroscopy[J].J Raman Spectrosc, 2019, 50(1):41
[36] 姚建铨. 太赫兹技术及其应用[J].重庆邮电大学学报(自然科学版), 2010, 22(6):703
YAO JQ. Terahertz technology and its applications[J].J Chongqing Univ Posts Telecomm(Nat Sci), 2010, 22(6):703
[37] DU SQ, LI H, XIE L, et al. Vibrational frequencies of anti-diabetic drug studied by terahertz time-domain spectroscopy[J].Appl Phys Lett, 2012, 100(14):1592
[38] PALKA N, SZALA M, CZERWINSKA E. Characterization of prospective explosive materials using terahertz time-domain spectroscopy[J].Appl Opt, 55(17):4575
[39] 和挺, 沈京玲. 太赫兹光谱技术在毒品检测中的应用研究[J].光谱学与光谱分析, 2013, 33(9):2348
HE T, SHEN JL. Research on the application of terahertz spectroscopy in drug detection[J].Spectrosc Spectral Anal, 2013,33(9):2348
[40] KATO M, TRIPATHI SR, MURATE K, et al. Non-destructive drug inspection in covering materials using a terahertz spectral imaging system with injection-seeded terahertz parametric generation and detection[J].Opt Express, 2016, 24(6):6425
[41] ZHAN H, WU S, BAO R, et al. Qualitative identification of crude oils from different oil fields using terahertz time-domain spectroscopy[J].Fuel, 2015, 143:189
[42] SCHLAUDERER S, LANGE C, BAIERL S, et al. Temporal and spectral fingerprints of ultrafast all-coherent spin switching[J].Nature,2019, 569(7756):383
[43] FERGUSON B, ZHANG XC. Materials for terahertz science andtechnology[J].Nat Mater, 2002, 1(1):26
[44] TROFIMOV VA, VARENTSOVA SA, SHEN J, et al. 2D signature for detection and identification of drugs[J].Proc SPIE, 2011, 8040(4):393
[45] 富庆, 尤晓明, 金洁. 小型化离子阱质谱仪在毒品快速采集与分析中的应用[J].质谱学报, 2019, 40(3):259
FU Q, YOU XM, JIN J. Application of miniaturized ion trap mass spectrometer in rapid drug collection and analysis[J].J Chin Mass Spectrom Soc, 2019, 40(3):259
[46] MA Q, BAI H, LI W, et al. Rapid analysis of synthetic cannabinoids using a miniature mass spectrometer with ambient ionization capability[J].Talanta, 2015, 142:190
[47] ZAIMA N, HAYASAKA T, GOTO-INOUE N, et al. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization imaging mass spectrometry[J].Int J Mol Sci, 2010, 11(12):5040
[48] WANG X, ZHOU X, OUYANG Z. Direct analysis of non-volatile chemical compounds on surfaces using a handheld mass spectrometer with synchronized discharge ionization function[J].Anal Chem,2016, 88(1):826
[49] LAWTON ZE, TRAUB A, FATIGANTE WL, et al. Analytical validation of a portable mass spectrometer featuring interchangeable, ambient ionization sources for high throughput forensic evidence screening[J].J Am Soc Mass Spectrom, 2017, 28(6):1048
[50] SHOFF EN, ZANEY ME, KAHL JH, et al. Qualitative identification of fentanyl analogs and other opioids in postmortem cases by UHPLC-ion trap-MSn[J].J Anal Toxicol, 2017, 41(6):484
[51] FABREGAT-SAFONT D, BARNEO-MUÑOZ M, MARTINEZ-GARCIA F, et al. Proposal of 5-methoxy-N-methyl-N-isopropyltryptamine consumption biomarkers through identification of in vivo metabolites from mice[J].J Chromatogr A, 2017, 1508:95
[52] SALGUEIRO-GONZALEZ N, CASTIGLIONI S, GRACIA-LOR E, et al. Flexible high resolution-mass spectrometry approach for screening new psychoactive substances in urban wastewater[J].Sci Total Environ, 2019, 689:679
[53] TAKYI-WILLIAMS J, LIU CF, TANG K. Ambient ionization MS for bioanalysis:recent developments and challenges[J].Bioanalysis, 2015, 7(15):1901
[54] MUSAH RA, CODY RB, DOMIN MA, et al. DART-MS in-source collision induced dissociation and high mass accuracy for new psychoactive substance determinations[J].Forensic Sci Int, 2014, 244:42
[55] TALATY N, TAKÁTS Z, COOKS RG. Rapid in situ detection of alkaloids in plant tissue under ambient conditions using desorption electrospray ionization[J].Analyst, 2005, 130(12):1624
[56] CODY RB, LARAMÉE JA, DURST HD. Versatile new ion source for the analysis of materials in open air under ambient conditions[J].Anal Chem, 2005, 77(8):2297
[57] KUWAYAMA K, YAMAMURO T, TSUJIKAWA K, et al. Utilization of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization imaging mass spectrometry to search for cannabis in herb mixtures[J].Anal Bioanal Chem, 2014, 406(19):4789
[58] CHEN H, VENTER A, COOKS RG. Extractive electrospray ionization for direct analysis of undiluted urine, milk and other complex mixtures without sample preparation[J].Chem Commun, 2006(19):2042
[59] GOTTARDO R, CHIARINI A, DAL PRÀ I. Direct screening of herbal blends for new synthetic cannabinoids by MALDI-TOF MS[J].J Mass Spectrom, 2012, 47(1):141
[60] MINAKATA K, YAMAGISHI I, NOZAWA H, et al. Determination of new pyrrolidino cathinone derivatives, PVT, F-PVP, MPHP, PV8, PV9 and F-PV9, in human blood by MALDI-Q-TOF mass spectrometry[J].Forensic Toxicol, 2014, 33(1):148
[61] BEASLEY E, FRANCESE S, BASSINDALE T. Detection and mapping of cannabinoids in single hair samples through rapid derivatization-matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry[J].Anal Chem, 2016, 88(20):10328
[62] NATASHA S, TAMSIN K, MARK T, et al. Analysis of amphetamine-type substances and piperazine analogues using desorption electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry[J].Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom, 2014, 28(7):731
[63] BIANCHI F, AGAZZI S, RIBONI N. Novel sample-substrates for the determination of new psychoactive substances in oral fluid by desorption electrospray ionization-high resolution mass spectrometry[J].Talanta, 2019, 202(1):136
[64] STOJANOVSKA N, TAHTOUH M, KELLY T, et al. presumptive analysis of 4-methylmethcathinone(mephedrone) using desorption electrospray ionisation-mass spectrometry (DESI-MS)[J].Aust J Forensic Sci, 46(4):411
[65] LESIAK AD, MUSAH RA, DOMIN MA, et al. DART-MS as a preliminary screening method for "herbal incense":chemical analysis of synthetic cannabinoids[J].J Forensic Sci, 2014, 59(2):337
[66] GWAK S, ALMIRALL JR. Rapid screening of 35 new psychoactive substances by ion mobility spectrometry(IMS) and direct analysis in real time (DART) coupled to quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry(QTOF-MS)[J].Drug Test Anal, 2015, 7(10):884
[67] CRAWFORD E, GORDON J, WU JT, et al. Direct analysis in real time coupled with dried spot sampling for bioanalysis in a drug-discovery setting[J].Bioanalysis, 2011, 3(11):1217
[68] LAPOINTE J, MUSSELMAN B, O’NEILL T, et al. Detection of “bath salt” synthetic cathinones and metabolites in urine via DART-MS and solid phase microextraction[J].J Am Soc Mass Spectrom, 2015, 26(1):159