Study on the digitization for the identification of Chinese materia medica column

Study on the macroscopic and microscopic identification of fruit medicine*

Expand
  • 1. National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100050, China;
    2. Zhejiang Institute for Food and Drug Control, Hangzhou 310052, China

Received date: 2021-06-23

  Online published: 2024-07-12

Abstract

The collection of fruit medicinal materials in Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2020 Edition) was sorted out, and the contents related to the macroscopic and microscopic identification of fruit medicinal materials in relevant works and research literatures in recent 10 years were summarized and analyzed. The foundation, ideas, methods and application of the research was good, but unsystematic and nonstandard problems still exsisted. So the research on the macroscopic and microscopic identification of fruit medicinal materials should be more systematic and standardized, and should develop towards the direction of digitization and intelligentization.

Cite this article

SHI Jia, LI Wen-ting, KANG Shuai, ZHANG Nan-ping, MA Shuang-cheng . Study on the macroscopic and microscopic identification of fruit medicine*[J]. Chinese Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis, 2021 , 41(8) : 1288 -1296 . DOI: 10.16155/j.0254-1793.2021.08.01

References

[1] 刘春生. 药用植物学[M]. 第4 版. 北京:中国中医药出版社, 2016
LIU CS.Medicinal Botany[M]. 4th Ed. Beijing:China Traditional Chinese Medicine Press,2016
[2] 陈若冰,张丽艳,梁茂新. 基于古代方剂数据挖掘分析枸杞子的潜在功能[J]. 医学争鸣,2018,9(2):41
CHEN RB,ZHANG LY,LIANG MX,et al.Analysis on potential functions of medlar based on ancientprescription data mining[J]. J Med Conten,2018,9(2):41
[3] 阿润,吴凤娇,王秀兰,等. 栀子在中、蒙医药中的应用概况及药理作用研究进展[J]. 中成药,2021,43(2):459
A R,WU FJ,WANG XL,et al.Application of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis in traditional Chinese medicine and Mongolian medicine[J]. Chin Tradit Pat Med,2021,43(2):459
[4] 尚志钧. 中国本草要籍考[M]. 合肥:安徽科学技术出版社, 2009
SHANG ZJ.Classic of Poetry[M]. Hefei:Anhui Science and Technology Press,2019
[5] 中华人民共和国药典2020 年版. 一部[S].2020.
ChP 2020.Vol Ⅰ[S]. 2020
[6] 贺超英,王丽,严立新,等. 果实起源与多样化的进化发育机制[J]. 中国科学:生命科学,2019,49(4):301
HE CY,WANG L,YAN LX,et al.Evolutionary developmental mechanisms underlying the origin and diversification of the fruits[J]. Sci Sin Vitae,2019,49(4):301
[7] 中国科学院中国植物志编辑委员会,中国植物志. 第六十五卷 . 第二册[M]. 北京:科学出版社,1959:505
Editorial Board of Flora of China. Chinese Academy of Sciences Fauna Sinica Vol 65(2)[M].Beijing:Science Press,1959:505
[8] 肖培根. 新编中药志. 第二卷[M]. 北京:化学工业出版社, 2002:1
XIAO PG.Modern Chinese Materia Medica.Vol 2[M]. Beijing: Chemical Industry Press,2002:1
[9] 徐国钧. 常用中药材品种整理和质量研究. 南方协作组. 第一册[M]. 福州:福建科学技术出版社,1994:613
XU GJ.Species Systematization and Quality Evaluation of Commonly Used Chinese Traditional Drugs. Southern Cooperation Group. Volume 1[M]. Fuzhou:Fujian Science and Technology Press, 1994:613
[10] 徐国钧. 常用中药材品种整理和质量研究. 南方协作组. 第二册[M]. 福建:福建科学技术出版社,1997:736
XU GJ.Species Systematization and Quality Evaluation of Commonly Used Chinese Traditional Drugs. Southern Cooperation Group. Volume 2[M]. Fuzhou:Fujian Science and Technology Press, 1997:736
[11] 徐国钧. 常用中药材品种整理和质量研究. 南方协作组. 第三册 [M]. 福建:福建科学技术出版社,1999:455
XU GJ.Species Systematization and Quality Evaluation of Commonly Used Chinese Traditional Drugs. Southern Cooperation Group. Volume 3[M].Fuzhou:Fujian Science and Technology Press, 1999:455
[12] 徐国钧. 常用中药材品种整理和质量研究. 南方协作组. 第四册[M]. 福建:福建科学技术出版社,2001:366
XU GJ.Species Systematization and Quality Evaluation of Commonly Used Chinese Traditional Drugs. Southern Cooperation Group. Volume 4[M]. Fuzhou:Fujian Science and Technology Press, 2001:366
[13] 楼之岑. 常用中药材品种整理和质量研究. 北方编. 第一册[M]. 北京:北京医科大学、中国协和医科大学联合出版社, 1995:505
LOU ZC.Species Systematization and Quality Evaluation of Commonly Used Chinese Traditional Drugs. Northern Edition. Volume 1[M]. Beijing:Beijing Medical University and China Union Medical University Press,1995:505
[14] 楼之岑. 常用中药材品种整理和质量研究. 北方编. 第二册[M]. 北京:北京医科大学、中国协和医科大学联合出版社, 1995:312
LOU ZC.Species Systematization and Quality Evaluation of Commonly Used Chinese Traditional Drugs. Northern Edition. Volume 2[M]. Beijing:Beijing Medical University and China Union Medical University Press,1995:312
[15] 楼之岑. 常用中药材品种整理和质量研究. 北方编. 第三册[M]. 北京:北京医科大学、中国协和医科大学联合出版社, 1996:352
LOU ZC.Species Systematization and Quality Evaluation of Commonly Used Chinese Traditional Drugs. Northern Edition. Volume 3[M]. Beijing:Beijing Medical University and China Union Medical University Press,1996:352
[16] 蔡少青. 常用中药材品种整理和质量研究. 北方编. 第四册 [M]. 北京:北京医科大学出版社,2001:430
CAI SQ.Species Systematization and Quality Evaluation of Commonly Used Chinese Traditional Drugs. Northern Edition. Volume 4[M] . Beijing:Beijing Medical University and China Union Medical University Press,2001:430
[17] 蔡少青. 常用中药材品种整理和质量研究. 北方编. 第五册 [M]. 北京:北京医科大学出版社,2001:550
CAI SQ.Species Systematization and Quality Evaluation of Commonly Used Chinese Traditional Drugs. Northern Edition. Volume 5 [M]. Beijing:Beijing Medical University and China Union Medical University Press,2001:550
[18] 蔡少青. 常用中药材品种整理和质量研究. 北方编. 第六册[M]. 北京:北京医科大学出版社,2001:530
CAI SQ.Species Systematization and Quality Evaluation of Commonly Used Chinese Traditional Drugs. Northern Edition.Volume 6 [M]. Beijing:Beijing Medical University and China Union Medical University Press,2001:530
[19] 周德生. 实用中草药彩色图鉴大全集:果实和种子类中草药彩色图鉴[M]. 长沙:湖南科学技术出版社,2016
ZHOU DS.Practical Color Atlas of Chinese Herbal Medicine:Fruit and Seed Color Atlas of Chinese Herbal Medicine[M]. Changsha: Hunan Science and Technology Press,2016
[20] 黄克南. 果实类中草药彩色图鉴[M]. 北京:化学工业出版社, 2012
HUANG KN.Color Atlas of Chinese Herbal Medicine Fruits[M]. Beijing:Chemical Industry Press,2012
[21] 肖培根. 实用中草药原色图谱2 花类及种子果实类[M]. 北京: 中国农业出版社,2002
XIAO PG.Primary Color Atlas of Practical Chinese Herbal Medicine 2. Flowers,Seeds and Fruits[M]. Beijing:China Agricultural Publishing House,2002
[22] 张继. 中国中药村真伪鉴别图典:常用种子、果实及皮类药材分册[M]. 广州:广东科技出版社,1995
ZHANG J.Classification of Commonly Used Seeds. Fruits and Skin Medicinal Materials in the Atlas of Authenticity Identification of Chinese Traditional Medicine Village[M]. Guangzhou:Guangdong Science and Technology Press,1995
[23] 仇洁. 实用中药彩色图解辞典种子、果实及皮类药材[M]. 广州:广东科技出版社,2004
QIU J.A Practical Color Illustrated Dictionary of Traditional Chinese Medicine Seeds,Fruits and Skin Medicinal Materials[M]. Guangzhou:Guangdong Science and Technology Press,2004
[24] 徐国钧. 实用中草药图本3 果实类、种子类[M]. 福州:福建科学技术出版社,2006
XU GJ.Practical Chinese Herbal Medicine Atlas 3. Fruits and Seeds [M]. Fuzhou:Fujian Science and Technology Press,2006
[25] 马双成. 实用中药材传统鉴别手册. 第一册[M]. 北京:人民卫生出版社,2019
MA SC.Practical Manual of Traditional Identification of Chinese Medicinal Materials. Volume 1[M]. Beijing:People’s Health Publishing House,2019
[26] 袁森. 中国小檗属16 种植物果实及种子特征及其分类学意义[D]. 南京:南京农业大学,2016
YUAN S.Fruit and Seed Characteristics of 16 Species of Berberis in China and Their Taxonomic Significance[D]. Nanjing:Nanjing Agricultural University,2016
[27] 廖晨阳,杨明乐,陈一,等. 9 种日本当归属植物的果实形态特征研究[J]. 西北植物学报,2019,39(11):2003
LIAO CY,YANG ML,CHEN Y,et al.Morphological analysis on the fruits of nine angelica species of Japan[J]. Acta Bot Boreal- Occident Sin,2019,39(11):2003
[28] 曲畅游,侯元同,李爱玲,等. 中国蓼属春蓼组植物果实形态及果皮微形态的研究[J]. 植物研究,2006,26(3):275
QU CY,HOU YT,LI AL,et al.Fruit shape and pericarp micromorphological characteristics of Polygonum section Persicaria from China[J]. Bull Bot Res,2006,26(3):275
[29] 赵佐成,周明德,罗定泽,等. 中国荞麦属果实形态特征[J]. 植物分类学报,2000,38(5):486
ZHAO ZC,ZHOU MD,LUO DZ,et al.Morphological characteristics of fruits of Fagopyrum(Polygonaceae)from China[J]. Acta Phytotaxon Sin,2000,38(5):486
[30] 薛彬娥,叶幸儿,郭微,等. 富宁附地菜果实形态特征及其分类学意义[J]. 热带亚热带植物学报,2021,29(1):82
XUE BE,YE XE,GUO W,et al.Fruit Morphology of Trigonotis funingensis and its taxonomic implications[J]. J Trop Subtrop Bot, 2021,29(1):82
[31] 张勇,尹祖棠. 国产委陵菜属植物果实形态及其分类学意义[J]. 西北植物学报,1994,14(6):99
ZHANG Y,YIN ZT.Morphological characteristics and taxonomic significance of achenes in Potentilla chinensis[J]. Acta Bot Sin, 1994,14(6):99
[32] 孙会忠,宋月芹,贺学礼. 绢蒿属8 种植物果实微形态特征及其分类学意义[J]. 武汉植物学研究,2007,25(5):440
SUN HZ,SONG YQ,HE XL.A Micro-morphological study on fruit of 8 species in Seriphidium and its taxonomic significance[J]. J Wuhan Bot Res,2007,25(5):440
[33] 姚纲,张连婕,薛彬娥,等. 中国算盘子属(叶下珠科)果实形态特征及其分类学意义[J]. 植物科学学报,2017,35(2):139
YAO G,ZHANG LJ,XUE BE,et al.Fruit morphology of Chinese Glochidion(Phyllanthaceae) and its taxonomic implications[J]. Plant Sci J,2017,35(2):139
[34] 郑笑,姜明云,张莉,等.13 种竹类植物的果实形态特征[J]. 植物资源与环境学报,2016,25(4):96
ZHENG X,JIANG MY,ZHANG L,et al.Fruit morphological characteristics of thirteen bamboo species[J]. J Plant Resour Environ,2016,25(4):96
[35] 许炳强,郑朝汉,童毅华,等. 风毛菊属雪兔子亚属瘦果形态及其分类学意义[J]. 植物分类与资源学报,2013,35(3):253
XU BQ,ZHENG CH,TONG YH,et al.Achene morphological features of Saussurea subg. Eriocoryne(Asteraceae) and its taxonomical significance[J]. Plant Divers Resour,2013,35(3): 253
[36] 石文婷. 基于果实形态的广义李属植物系统分类学研究 [D]. 广州:华南农业大学,2018
SHI WT.Systematic Taxonomy of Prunus based on Fruit Morphology [D]. Guangzhou:South China Agricultural University,2018
[37] 马菁霞. 高黎贡山悬钩子属植物的分类研究[D]. 昆明:云南大学,2016
MA QX.A Taxonomic Study on Rubus in Gaoligong Mountain[D]. Kunming:Yunnan University,2016
[38] 刘星劼,张伟,周怡璇,等. 10 个不同种质欧李生物学特性及药材质量研究[J/OL]. 辽宁中医药大学学报:1-15[2021-06-21]. http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/21.1543.R.20210527.1116.014.html.
LIU XJ,ZHANG W,ZHOU YX,et al.Study on biological characteristics and quality of 10 different germplasm of Prunus humilis[J/OL]. J Liaoning Univ Tradit Chin Med:1-15[2021-06- 21]. http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/21.1543.R.20210527.1116.014.html.
[39] 邓贤兰, 陈霞霞, 张争光. 井冈山地区18 种唇形科植物果实形状及表面微形态特征研究[J]. 植物研究,2020,40(6):820
DENG XL, CHEN XX, ZHANG ZG. Fruit shape and micromorphological characteristics of pericarp surface of 18 lamiaceae plant in Jinggangshan area[J]. Bull Bot Res,2020,40(6):820
[40] 陈志祥,姚雪莹,史蒂芬,等. 变豆菜属15 种植物的果实微形态特征及其分类学意义[J]. 植物科学学报,2019,37(1):1
CHEN ZX,YAO XY,DOWNIE SR,et al.Fruit features of 15 species of Sanicula(Apiaceae)and their taxonomic significance[J]. Plant Sci J,2019,37(1):1
[41] 王青锋,黄双全,陈家宽. 泽泻科植物果实和果皮的微形态特征的分类学意义[J]. 武汉大学学报(自然科学版),1998,44(2): 66
WANG QF,HUANG SQ,CHEN JK.Taxonomic significance of micromorphological characteristics of fruit and pericarp of Alismataceae[J]. J Wuhan Univ(Nat Sci Ed),1998,44(2):66
[42] 王长宝,马祥光,何兴金. 伞形科柴胡属部分物种的果实特征及系统学意义[J]. 植物科学学报,2011,29(4):399
WANG CB,MA XG,HE XJ.Fruit features of some Bupleurum Species(Apiaceae) and their systematical implication[J]. Plant Sci J,2011,29(4):399
[43] 张乐,李敏,赵建成. 23 种伞形科植物果实形态及其分类学意义[J]. 西北植物学报,2015,35(12):2428
ZHANG L,LI M,ZHAO JC.Fruit morphology of 23 species in Umbelliferae and its taxonomic significance[J]. Acta Bot Boreal- Occident Sin,2015,35(12):2428
[44] 茹剑,刘玫,王臣,等. 东北唇形科(Lamiaceae)果实形态与解剖特征及其分类学价值[J]. 草业学报,2015,24(5):190
RU J,LIU M,WANG C,et al.Morphological and anatomical features of Lamiaceae fruits in Northeasten China and notes on taxonomic value[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sin,2015,24(5):190
[45] 魏雪莹. 东北罂粟科植物微形态和解剖特征的分类学意义[D]. 哈尔滨:哈尔滨师范大学,2017
WEI XY.Taxonomic Significance of Micromorphological and Anatomical Characteristics of Papaveraceae in Northeast China[D]. Harbin:Harbin Normal University,2017
[46] 王军,李红建,方成武. 3 种易掺伪果实种子类药材的鉴别研究[J]. 安徽农业科学,2018,46(25):5
WANG J,LI HJ,FANG CW.Identification of three kinds of easy adulterate fruit or seeds crude drugs[J]. J Anhui Agric Sci,2018, 46(25):5
[47] 刘洋,孟爽爽,叶姿,等. 4 种溪黄草药材基原植物种子状果实形态特征的比较[J]. 分子植物育种,2021,19(4):1337
LIU Y,MENG SS,YE Z,et al.Comparison of the morphological characteristics of the seed-like fruits of four origins of Xihuangcao[J]. Mol Plant Breed,2021,19(4):1337
[48] 尹利民,穆二廷,周建理,等. 常见市售蒲公英及混伪品的果实微性状鉴别[J]. 中国实验方剂学杂志,2017,23(14):25
YIN LM,MU ET,ZHOU JL,et al.Identification of microscope characters of common taraxaci herba and adulterants fruits[J]. Chin J Exp Tradit Med Form,2017,23(14):25
[49] 张天天. 枸杞子等中药材微性状鉴别研究[D]. 石家庄:河北医科大学,2017
ZHANG TT.Study on the Identification of Micro Characters of Chinese Medicinal Materials Such as Lycium barbarum[D]. Shijiazhuang:Hebei Medical University,2017
[50] 王利丽,杨珂,郭雨轩,等. 果实种子类药材微形态的鉴别研究[J]. 电子显微学报,2020,39(3):313
WANG LL, YANG K, GUO YX, et al. Identification of micromorphology of fruit and seed herbs[J]. J Chin Elect Microsc Soc,2020,39(3):313
[51] 辛立红. 不同种质山楂的鉴定研究[D]. 济南:山东中医药大学,2018
XIN LH.Identification of Different Hawthorn Germplasm[D]. Jinan:Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,2018
[52] 刘春花,游景瑞,陈梅伦若,等. 毛叶和红叶木姜子果实性状特征及显微特征的鉴别[J]. 贵州医科大学学报,2019,44(9):1011
LIU CH,YOU JR,CHEN MLR,et al.Characteristics and microscopic identification of the fruits of Litsea mollis and Litsea rubescens[J]. J Guizhou Med Univ,2019,44(9):1011
[53] 宋晨薇,唐琼,赵志鹏,等. 海三棱藨草及其近缘种果实形状和果皮微形态特征研究[J]. 植物科学学报,2019,37(3):290
SONG CW,TANG Q,ZHAO ZP,et al.Nutlet shape and pericarp micromorphology of Bolboschoenoplectus mariqueter and related species[J]. Plant Sci J,2019,37(3):290
[54] 高飞燕,周建理. 中药豨莶草的微性状鉴别[J]. 中国中药杂志, 2013,38(3):331
GAO FY,ZHOU JL.Micro-macroscopical identification of Siegesbeckiae Herba[J]. China J Chin Mater Med,2013,38(3): 331
[55] 周修腾,杨光,周凌锋,等. 南北柴胡果实特征及显微鉴别研究[J]. 中国现代中药,2018,20(10):1251
ZHOU XT,YANG G,ZHOU LF,et al.Study on characteristics and microscopic identification of fruits of Bupleurum chinense and Bupleurum scorzonerifolium[J]. Mod Chin Med,2018,20(10): 1251
[56] 熊云珍,肖凌,但汉雄. 南五味子伪品山葡萄的鉴别研究[J]. 湖北中医药大学学报,2012,14(5):42
XIONG YZ,XIAO L,DAN HX.Study on identification of the adulterant of Schisandrae Sphenantherae Fructus-Vitis amurensis Rupr.[J]. J Hubei Coll Tradit Chin Med,2012,14(5):42
[57] 于京平. 栝楼果皮生药学研究[D]. 济南:山东中医药大学, 2014
YU JP.Pharmacognosy of Trichosanthes kirilowii Peel[D]. Jinan: Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,2014
[58] 罗国良,汪洋,李华强,等. 牡荆子和黄荆子的定性与定量鉴别研究[J]. 中草药,2017,48(17):3624
LUO GL,WANG Y,LI HQ,et al.Qualitative and quantitative identification of Vitex negundo and Vitex negundo[J]. Chin Tradit Herb Drugs,2017,48(17):3624
[59] 李会娟. 南五味子药材基原及其近缘物种亲缘关系研究[D]. 北京:北京协和医学院,2019
LI HJ.Study on the Genetic Relationship of Schisandra sphenanthera and its Related Species[D]. Beijing:Peking Union Medical College,2019
[60] 褚晓芳,刘启新. 伞形科东当归的果实形态和解剖结构[J]. 植物资源与环境学报,2007(4):53
CHU XF,LIU QX.Morphological features andanatomical structures of Angelica acutilobamericarp in Apiaceae[J]. J Plant Resour Environ,2007(4):53
[61] 曾献存,刘星,谢雪倩,等. 驱虫斑鸠菊果实的生药学鉴定研究[J]. 时珍国医国药,2020,31(9):2160
ZENG XC,LIU X,XIE XQ,et al.Pharmacognostical identification of Vernonia anthelmintica fruit[J]. Lishizhen Med Mater Med Res, 2020,31(9):2160
[62] 国家药典委员会. 中华人民共和国药典中药材显微鉴别彩色图鉴[M]. 北京:人民卫生出版社,2005
Chinese Pharmacopoeia Commission.Color Atlas of Microscopic Identification of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Pharmacopoeia of the People’s Republic of China[M]. Beijing:People’s Health Publishing House,2005
[63] 徐国钧. 中药材粉末显微鉴定[M]. 北京:人民卫生出版社, 1986
XU GJ.Microscopic Identification of Powder of Traditional Chinese Medicine[M]. Beijing:People’s Health Publishing House,1986
[64] 赵达文. 常用中药材组织粉末图解[M]. 北京. 人民卫生出版社,1991
ZHAO DW.Diagram of Tissue Powder of Common Chinese Medicinal Materials[M]. Beijing. People’s Health Publishing House,1991
[65] 赵达文. 中华人民共和国药典中药材外形组织粉末图解[M]. 北京:中国医药科技出版社,1999
ZHAO DW.Diagram of Shape,Tissue and Powder of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Pharmacopoeia of the People’s Republic of China[M].Beijing:China Medical Science and Technology Press, 1999
[66] 赵中振,陈虎彪. 中药显微鉴别图典[M]. 福州:福建科学技术出版社,2016
ZHAO ZZ,CHEN HB.Atlas of Microscopic Identification of Traditional Chinese Medicine[M]. Fuzhou:Fujian Science and Technology Press,2016
[67] 曹董玲,刘玫,茹剑,等. 中国十字花科果实微形态及其系统学意义[J]. 草业学报,2015,24(2):130
CAO DL,LIU M,RU J,et al.Fruit micromorphology of Brassicaceae in China and notes on systematic implications[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sin,2015,24(2):130
[68] 王靖茹,刘玫,茹剑,等. 中国蓼科植物花被片和果实形态结构及其系统学价值[J]. 草业学报,2015,24(2):116
WANG JR,LIU M,RU J,et al.The structures of tepals and fruits of polygonaceae in China with a note on their systematic significance[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sin,2015,24(2):116
[69] 韦颖. 105 种常用药用植物果实、种子性状与显微鉴别特征研究[D]. 北京:中国中医科学院,2012
WEI Y.Study on Fruit and Seed Macroscopic and Microscopic Identification Characteristics of 105 Common Medicinal Plants[D]. Beijing:Chinese Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine,2012
[70] 张红梅,李国,宋龙,等 . 吴茱萸与伪品臭辣树果实的生药学鉴定[J]. 中药材,2016,39(3):515
ZHANG HM,LI G,SONG L,et al.Pharmacognostical identification of Evodia rutaecarpa and its counterfeit fruit[J]. J Chin Med Mater, 2016,39(3):515
[71] 康帅,周超,魏爱华,等. 车前子与其伪品——柴胡果实的生药学鉴别[J]. 中国实验方剂学杂志,2013,19(18):161
KANG S,ZHOU C,WEI AH,et al.Authentication study in pharmacognosy for Plantaginis Semen and its adulterant-fruits of Bupleurum chinense[J]. Chin J Exp Tradit Med Form,2013,19(18):161
[72] 许亮,杨燕云,邸学,等. 锦灯笼药材显微鉴别研究[J]. 中国实验方剂学杂志,2014,20(8):103
XU L,YANG YY,DI X,et al.Study on microscopic identification of Physalis Calyx Seu Fructus[J]. Chin J Exp Tradit Med Form,2014, 20(8):103
[73] 杨星宇,杨建明,汪平尧,等. 生物科学显微技术[M]. 武汉:华中科技大学出版社,2010
YANG XY,YANG JM,WANG PY,et al.Biotechnology and Microscopy[M]. Wuhan:Huazhong University of Science and Technology Press,2010
[74] 康莲娣 .生物电子显微技术[M]. 北京:中国科学技术大学出版社,2003
KANG LD.Biotechnology and Microscopy[M]. Beijing:Press of University of Science and Technology of China,2003
[75] 叶琳琳. 中药材显微特征结构的原位三维定量研究[D]. 上海: 中国科学院研究生院(上海应用物理研究所),2014
YE LL.In Situ Three-Dimensional Quantitative Study on Microstructure of Traditional Chinese Medicine[D]. Shanghai: Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences(Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics),2014
[76] 王雪利. 果实类中药材的微性状鉴别研究[D]. 合肥:安徽中医药大学,2013
WANG XL.Study on the Identification of Micro Characters of Chinese Herbal Medicine Fruits[D]. Hefei:Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,2013
[77] 吴文辉,王耀登,冷静 . 近 5 年中药饮片商品规格等级的研究进展总结与分析[J]. 中国现代中药,2020,22(11):1944
WU WH,WANG YD,LENG J.Summary and analysis on research progress of commercial specification grade of traditional Chinese medicines prepared in ready-to-use forms in recent 5 years[J]. Mod Chin Med,2020,22(11):1944
[78] 石佳. 四十种中药饮片等级评价研究[D]. 北京:中国中医科学院,2020
SHI J.Study on the Grade Evaluation of 40 Kinds of Chinese Herbal Pieces[D]. Beijing:Chinese Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine,2020
[79] 曾艺 .基于表型性状、遗传信息与有效成分的商洲枳壳种质资源评价研究[D]. 南昌:江西中医药大学,2020
ZENG Y.Evaluation of Germplasm Resources of Citrus Aurantii in Shangzhou Based on Phenotypic Traits,Genetic Information and Effective Components[D]. Nanchang:Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,2020
[80] 王佳豪. 五味子药材的质量标志物(Q-Marker)研究[D]. 沈阳:辽宁中医药大学,2019
WANG JH.Study on Quality Marker of Schisandra chinensis[D]. Shenyang:Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2019
Outlines

/