Objective： To study the effect of berberine on the aortic pathology and PERK/eIF2a expression of diabetic（diabetes mellitus,DM）rats. Methods： The rats were divided into 3 groups：control group,diabetic group and berberine group with 12 rats in each group. The rat model of DM was established by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. Rats in the berberine group received berberine（100 mg·kg-1·d-1）. The blood glucose,aortic injury and endothelial function indexes NO and ET of rats in each group were compared. The levels of ER stress and PERK/eIF2α pathway in the middle artery were detected by Western blot. Results： After modeling,the blood glucose of rats was all above 16.7 mmol·L-1,showing that the rat model of DM was successfully established. After the intervention,the blood glucose level in the berberine group was significantly lower than that in the diabetic group （P<0.05）. The aorta structure in the control group was normal;In the diabetic group,the aortic vascular wall was obviously thickened,the vascular intima appeared wrinkled,and the cells were enlarged and arranged disorderly;In the berberine group,the vascular structure was basically clear,and the cell arrangement was basically normal. Compared with the control group,NO and ETin the diabetic group were significantly decreased and increased（P<0.05）. The NO level in the berberine group was（61.08±9.57）μmol·L-1,which was significantly higher than that in the diabetic group（P<0.05）;The ET level of the berberine group was（103.59±12.84） pg·mL-1,which was significantly lower than that in the diabetes group（P<0.05）. Compared with the control group,the levels of IL-1,IL-6 and TNF-α in the diabetic group were significantly increased（P<0.05）. The levels of IL-1,IL-6 and TNF-α in the berberine group were significantly lower than those in the diabetes group （P<0.05）. Compared with the control group,the expression levels of ER stress-related proteins GRP78 and CHOP and PERK/eIF2α pathway in the aorta tissue of the diabetic group were significantly increased（P<0.05）. The expression levels of GRP78,CHOP and PERK/eIF2α pathways in the berberine group were significantly lower than those in the diabetic group（P<0.05）. Conclusion： The berberine can inhibit the PERK/eIF2α pathway in DM rats,relieve ER stress,and thus protect the aortic and vascular endothelial function.
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