目的: 以气相色谱和化学计量学技术为化学分析和数据分析手段,研究艾叶及其混伪品蒙古蒿叶的鉴别方法及化学成分分布规律。方法: 采用Agilent HP-5 19091J(30 m×0.32 mm,0.25 μm)色谱柱进行分离,使用氢火焰离子检测器进行检测,建立了气相色谱化学分析方法,指认了其中21个化学成分,使用该法对29批样品进行测定。采用化学计量学相关技术对色谱数据进行相似度分析、相关性分析、聚类分析、主成分分析和正交偏最小二乘判别分析。结果: 色谱峰峰20(母菊薁)、峰3(桉油精)和峰19[(1S,8aα)-十氢-1,4aβ-二甲基-7β-异丙烯基-1-萘酚]是艾叶与蒙古蒿叶的差异特征色谱峰(化学成分),艾叶和蒙古蒿叶样品的峰3与峰20峰面积比值范围分别为54.50~348.39和0.16~0.87,峰19与峰20峰面积比值范围分别为18.55~128.46和0.01~0.14,正品与混伪品之间有巨大差异,可用于艾叶与蒙古蒿叶的鉴别。结论: 本研究得出的艾叶与蒙古蒿叶的差异特征化学成分及其分布规律对艾叶及相关药品的研究和分析具有一定的参考意义。
Objective: To study and establish a method based on gas chromatography and chemometrics techniques for distinguishing Artemisiae Argyi Folium and its adulterants Artemisiae Mongolica Folium. Methods: Gas chromatography method was established with Agilent HP-5 19091J (30 m×0.32 mm, 0.25 μm) as chromatographic column, and hydrogen flame ion detector (FID) as detector. After the chemical composition of 21 chromatographic peaks in the chromatogram were identified, and the peak area data of the 21 chromatographic peaks in 29 batches of samples were determined. Similarity analysis, correlation analysis, cluster analysis, principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis were applied to analyze the chromatographic data. Results: The results of chemometric analysis indicated that tpeak 20 (chamazulene), peak 3 (1,8-cineole) and peak 19((1S,8aα)-decahydro-1,4aβ-dimethyl-7β-isopropenyl-1-naphthol) were the differential characteristic chromatographic peaks between Artemisiae Argyi Folium and its adulterants Artemisiae Mongolica Folium. The ratios of the peak areas of peak 3 to peak 20 were in the ranges of 54.50-348.39 and 0.16-0.87 respectively, and the ratios of the peak areas of peak 19 to peak 20 were in the ranges of 18.55-128.46 and 0.01-0.14 respectively. These significant differences could be used for the identification of Artemisiae Argyi Folium and its adulterant Artemisiae Mongolica Folium. Conclusion: The research findings can be used for the identification of Artemisiae Argyi Folium and its adulterant Artemisiae Mongolica Folium, and these have certain reference significance for the research and analysis of Artemisiae Argyi Folium and related drugs.
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