目的:考察2种白蜂蜡(中蜂蜡和西蜂蜡)的组成及其与流变学性能的相关性。方法:通过气相色谱-质谱法,使用HP-5ms色谱柱,梯度升温,在m/z 50~550范围内扫描并测定中蜂蜡和西蜂蜡烷烃组成的差异;采用气相色谱法,使用DB-5色谱柱,梯度升温,氢火焰离子化检测器,以面积归一化法计算不同来源白蜂蜡的烷烃组成;采用流变仪,分别在剪切速率扫描模式(剪切速率范围0.1~100 s-1)与温度扫描模式下(温度范围70~60 ℃,降温速率4 ℃·min-1),检测中蜂蜡、西蜂蜡流变学模量值、黏弹性、屈服值等数值。结果:气相色谱法检测的西蜂蜡中长链烷烃的占比明显大于中蜂蜡(西蜂蜡中50%以上的烷烃碳链个数大于27,而中蜂蜡只有17.4%烷烃碳链个数大于27),由于西蜂蜡烷烃碳链个数更大,导致西蜂蜡更加表现出储能模量的性质,即西蜂蜡比中蜂蜡从黏弹性固体转变到黏弹性流体的温度转变点更高;西蜂蜡比中蜂蜡屈服值更高,同一个剪切速率下西蜂蜡的黏度更高。结论:不同来源的白蜂蜡烷烃组成成分不尽相同,导致不同来源的白蜂蜡一系列流变学性质参数有差异,这些差异应在软膏剂处方设计时应予以关注。
Objective: To focus on the composition of two kinds of white beeswax(Chinese beeswax and Western beeswax) and their correlation with rheological properties. Methods: The difference of alkane composition between Chinese beeswax and Western beeswax was determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry with HP-5ms column, gradient heating, and scaning in the range of m/z 50-550. The alkane composition of white beeswax from different sources was determined by gas chromatography, DB-5 column, gradient heating, hydrogen flame ionization detector, and was calculated by area normalization method. The rheological modulus, viscoelasticity and yield value of Chinese beeswax and Western beeswax were measured by rheometer in shear rate scanning mode (shear rate range: 0.1-100 s-1) and temperature scanning mode (temperature range: 70-60 ℃, cooling rate: 4 ℃·min-1). Results: The proportion of long-chain alkanes in Western beeswax detected by gas chromatography was significantly higher than that in Chinese beeswax (more than 50% of the alkane carbon chains in Western beeswax was greater than 27, while only 17.4% of the alkane carbon chains in Chinese beeswax was greater than 27). Due to the larger number of alkane carbon chains in Western beeswax, Western beeswax showed the property of storage modulus. The temperature transition point of Western beeswax from viscoelastic solid to viscoelastic fluid was higher than that of Chinese beeswax. The yield value of Western beeswax was higher than that of Chinese beeswax, and the viscosity of Western beeswax was higher than that of Chinese beeswax at the same shear rate. Conclusion: The alkane composition of white beeswax from different sources is different, resulting in a series of rheological parameters of white beeswax from different sources. These differences should be paid attention to in the formulation design of ointment.
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