目的: 探讨可用于指导以离子对试剂为流动相添加剂时优化槟榔中生物碱类成分色谱分离效果的数学模型,并探讨离子对试剂作为添加剂时,生物碱的色谱分离机理。方法: 利用离子对试剂作添加剂,高效液相法分离槟榔中系列生物碱,并根据2个经典的保留模型:溶质计量置换保留模型(SDM-R)和Snyder经验式,考察离子对试剂浓度,烷基链长度和流动相中有机溶剂体积分数对生物碱保留行为的影响,通过改变模型参数的实验结果探讨模型的适用性及生物碱的色谱保留机理。结果: 当离子对试剂作流动相添加剂时,在一定浓度范围内,离子对试剂浓度与待测成分保留值符合SDM-R模型的线性关系;且有机相的体积分数与待测成分保留值符合Snyder经验式的线性关系。结论: SDM-R模型与Snyder经验式可在一定限度内为以离子对试剂为添加剂对槟榔中生物碱进行的液相分离提供指导,且以离子对试剂作流动相添加剂时,生物碱的分离保留过程兼具离子交换作用和离子对作用。该两模型的应用对以生物碱为主要活性成分的中药的液相色谱质量控制方法具有借鉴意义。
Objective: To explore the mathematical model that can be used to guide the separation of alkaloids in Arecae Semen when ion-pair reagents are used as mobile phase additives. To explore the separation mechanism of this type of additives. Methods: High performance liquid chromatography was used to separate alkaloids in arecae semen. Ion-pair reagents were used as mobile phase additives. Two typical retention models:stoichiometric displacement model for retention of solute (SDM-R) and Snyder’s empirical formula were built. The effect of ion-pair reagents concentration, alkyl chain length, volume fraction of organic phase on retention behavior of components, retention process and mechanism were investigated. Results: When the ion-pair reagents reach a certain range of concentration as mobile phase additives, the concentration of ion-pair reagents and retention value of components complied with the linear relationship of SDM-R model. The volume fraction of the organic phase and the retention value of components complied with the linear relationship of Snyder’s empirical formula. Conclusion: The SDM-R model and the Snyder’s empirical formula can provide guidance for the liquid-phase separation of alkaloids in Arecae Semen with ion-pair reagents as additives. When ion-pair reagents were used as mobile phase additives, the separation of alkaloids was effected by ion-exchange and ion-pairing. The application of two models has great significance to the quality control of traditional Chinese medicine with alkaloids as the main active components.
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