Objective：To explore the pharmacognostic identification method for Zanthoxyli Pericarpium, Zanthoxyli Semen and their related species from the same genus. Methods：Referring to the terms and research methods of botanical morphological identification and classification, using stereo microscopy, optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, the digital standard for macroscopic and microscopic identification of Zanthoxyli Pericarpium and Zanthoxyli Semen was established. The macroscopic identification and microscopic identification methods for Zanthoxyli Pericarpium, Zanthoxyli Semen and their related species from the same genus were studied in depth. Results：There were significant differences both in the morphological characteristics, such as oil gland, undeveloped free carpels, undeveloped ovules and umbilicus and the microscopic characteristics, such as oil outer margin and epithelial cells of pannexterna between Zanthoxyli Pericarpium, Zanthoxyli Semen and their related species. Conclusion：This study summarized the exclusive and practical features in pharmacognosy identification of Zanthoxyli Pericarpium, Zanthoxyli Semen and its related species from the same genus. It will provide useful reference for supervision, inspection, and standard drafting.
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